Since the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) formally drafted the standard of HTTP/3 RFC9114 in June this year, the latest technology used by HTTP has attracted much attention. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol that allows browsers and servers to communicate. When browsing social media platforms or watching videos on weekdays, we use HTTP to watch them unconsciously. However, even if HTTP/3 has not been officially released, the platforms such as Google, Cloudflare, AWS and Microsoft have successively supported the HTTP/3 protocol. What is the attraction of HTTP/3 that makes major cloud products, browsers and servers support the HTTP/3 protocol one after another? 

Compared with the previous two generations of HTTP protocols, HTTP/3 no longer uses the Transmission Control Protocol. Instead, QUIC using the UDP protocol is applied instead. The previous two generations of HTTP protocols used the TCP protocol. When a packet loss occurs, the server needs to completely wait for the lost data to be received before continuing to transmit. However, HTTP/3 utilizes the characteristics of UDP, so there is no need to wait for the user's response when data packets are dropped. This greatly speed up the transmission speed and solve the problem of previous Head-of-line Blocking. 

In addition, HTTP/3 also uses the encrypted by default, which encrypts the process of communication between the user and the server. This means that users can browse the website with confidence, which greatly reducing the risk of their data being intercepted by hackers, credit card theft and identity theft, etc., and improving the security of many users online. 

However, since HTTP/3 uses the UDP protocol, which is not the daily TCP protocol. The optimization progress of UDP is not as high as that of the TCP protocol, and the currently measured transmission speed is limited. Nevertheless, HTTP/3 performance is still much faster than the previous two generations. According to online research data, HTTP/3 is at least 0.2 seconds faster than the previous two generations, and even 1 second faster when browsing foreign websites. Therefore, I believe that hardware manufacturers continue to optimize the hardware after a period of time, and the performance of HTTP/3 will be faster and more popular. 

In summary, HTTP/3 uses new concepts to improve the problems of the HTTP transport protocol over the years. It not only greatly improves the problem of Internet transmission speed caused by dropped packets, but also further improves the security of users when surfing the Internet. Even though the technology has not yet officially become standard and widespread, major manufacturers have continued to improve their products and support the advent of HTTP/3 in recent years. Therefore, we can eagerly look forward to the convenience that HTTP/3 will bring us in the future.

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